Strategic Report On The Britannia International - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 11 Words: 3187 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? This is the strategic report on the Britannia International Hotel industry. It discusses the scheme of the strategic management in the business with the analysing of the tools of the strategy in the day to day operations of the business. Strategic report is focusing on the impact analysis of the business strategy of the hotel industry with the giving of the overall view on the strategic management scheme in the hotel industry. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Strategic Report On The Britannia International" essay for you Create order It is ideally giving of the recommendation for the improvement of the performance level of the hotel industry in the current market with the adoption of the suitable , feasible and acceptable techniques of the Hospitality Management to improve the level of the performance in the business. Introduction This is the strategic assignment focusing on the Britannia International Hotel Industry in London. The aim of the assignment is to discuss the strategic policy management of the Britannia International Hotel industry in London in the relation to their internal and external business environment. The Britannia International is one of the prominent hotel industry in the London situated at the heart of the city at Canary Wharf, London. They are having 35 hotels across United Kingdom using 7000 bedrooms, One of the hotel at the prime location of the city in London at the Canary Wharf is the key success factor nearer to the major airports and the seaside resorts surrounded by stunning country side (Lehman,2007) The strategic aim of the hotel industry is to provide the optimum money value at the desired level of the satisfaction facilitating to the easy opportunity of the decision-making to the guests who are coming ion the hotel industry (Buidcon,2009) As the London is an international c ity in the world many guests are used to come here from the different parts of the world in order to enjoy the city of London with its greenery, atmosphere, surroundings à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" due to which there is a wide scope of the development of the Hospitality industry in this area in order to hospitalise the visitors in this country. As a result many hotel industries are the wide popular in this city used to earn the good source of the potential income and sales turnover. The Britannia International at the Canary Wharf is offering the extremely competitive rates in the combination with the flourishes decoration with the facilities including restaurant, health club, night club, bars and free wireless internet access. (Gary,2010) The hotel is situated on the waters edge next to the Canary Wharf, at the Docklands of the London in the internationally developed renowned office development, the hotel industry is fully modernised in the traditional culture having up to date facilities (S imson,2009) Modern style hotel located on the waterside in Londons docklands closed to Canary Wharf where there are many international businesses as well as large shopping centre , various restaurants and Bars (Gilston,2010) Literature Review Business Strategy of the Britannia hotel industry is purely of the functional and authoritative nature, Hotel industry is rationally divided in to four parts of the line of the organisational set up in which there are the functional departments are diversified as per the core area of the business management, Strategic planning of the hotel industry is made on the basis of the grouping of functions in to four imperative divisions they are the Operations, Human Resource, Marketing and Finance, Information Management section is the co-coordinator of all the departments which is involved in the transfer of the information with in the different active departments as a core functional chain in the business (Tandon,2007) Strategic Management of the hotel industry is having a dynamic and imperative weight in the international cities as per the depending of the nature and scope of activities , many guests and visitors are used to come in the city of London which has created an enormous beau ty and scope of the activities of the hospitalisation in the city of London, different services are provided as per the capability and intensity of the hotel industry at the reasonable rates in order to achieve an optimum level of the satisfaction from the customers, supplier power of the hotel industry is really is magnificent they are providing the restaurant, Bar, Kitchen, living and boarding facilities having 4 big halls for the conducting of events such as marriages, birth day parties, functions, meetings, ceremonies in which the area of the potentials of the hotel industry are based, recently they are planning to start the travel and tourism operations as their supportive area of activity to the core functional scheme which is the additional source of the revenue recognition (Rodrics,2010) Glance situation of the hotel industry at the magnified location is the measured strength of the hotel industry at the Canary Wharf , the increasing the number of the people with the large s cope for the sale of the food items in the glorious location of the hotel industry are some of the ideal characteristics of the hotel industry giving the prominent scope of the development and hospitalisation (Small,2009) Intensity of the buyer towards the hotel industry is strategic and sound as they are willing to get the supreme level of the services with in the reasonable costs and achieving the enjoyment of the city of London, Docklands area near to sea shore is giving the glance opportunity of the business development to the Britannia international hotel industry at the higher rate of income with the global status and the exclusive customer support, they are having a stratified customer relationship management strategy in which functional scope of the CRM dimensions has been predicted through the norms of the customer identification , customer attraction, customer development and the customer retention (Philip,2008) The strategic Management of the Hospitality industry in Londo n is the core activity of the management in which functional scope is administered as a tool of the resource management, Operational activities are coming under the day to day performances of the business and regular services to the guests who are coming in the hospitality industry in order to acquire services and potentialities for the earning of the higher revenue generation in the day to day operational management, Human resource strategy is the core activity of the functional management in which major concentration is given on the process of the recruitment and selection of the new candidates in the service so as to get completion of the business activities in the right strategic order and at the right time with in the reasonable resources, Marketing Activities are the activities which are relating to the development of the market through the making of the strategic relationships with the customers and attracting them in the shoes of the customer in order to develop and expand t he business activities, Finance department is involved in the strategic financial operations including the accounting , internal audits, finance management, investments in the area of the business so as to maintain the liquidity and the cash management in the day to day business operations, Information Management department is the channelising information department in the business with the providing of the time to time information in the order to regulate the departmental activities in the business organisation (Shardul,2010) Discussion The strategic report is discussing on the management policy of the Britannia International Hotel industry. In the international city of London the wide scope is available for the hospitalisation sector as many visitors are used to come here from the different parts of the world in order to pursue their education, jobs, picnics and visits, living. In due course of the same there is a wide scope available for the development of the hospitality industry in this city to entertain the visitors . There is a wide scope of the strategic management in the hotel industry so as to administer the group of activities in the business management policy of the hospitalisation. Business strategy has been constructed as per the model guideline of the core hospitalisation. Hotel industry is using the effective and efficient Customer Relationship Management strategy in order to make the long lasting relations with the guests, visitors in the shoes of their customers . The strategy of the Customer Rela tionship Management has been constructed in the view of the implementation of the efficient and effective CRM dimensions of the customer identification, attraction, retention and development to make the expansion of the business activities to capture the wider segment of the market. Market development strategies used to be formed with the using of the effective marketing communication techniques such as advertising and publicity , sales promotions, direct marketing , public relations and personal selling which will be helpful to develop the good communication system of the hotel with the creating of the Goodwill in the business. Business strategy of the Britannia international is constructed as per the ideal divisions of the functional activities in the four major departments specifying the executive strategy of the hospitality operations. Critical Analysis Strategic Management policy of the Britannia hotel industry is a constructive idea of the operational profile in which there is a wide scope available for the coverage of the functional area of activities. The strategic idea of the functional approach of the management policy is depending on the availability of the strategic factors which are in the support of the management and get inverse with the management. Following are the SWOT analysis are focusing on the internal and external factors of the hotel industry à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" a) Strengths Glance location of the hotel industry in the midlands nearer of the dockland airport is facilitating the visitors to take stay in the hotel. Availability of the feasible facilities including the air conditioned rooms, lodging and boarding, Restaurants, Bar,Kithen are all giving the strengths of the business. Staff operations are commensurate to the strategic development of activities , with the expertises of the staff and availability of the potential capacity of the labour services. Availability of the tourism operations is creating an additional constructive strength of the business . The scope of the information management department is to handle the ideal activities of the marketing function through the implementation of the different strategic marketing techniques. Availability of full fledged well furnished rooms , with the big halls for the events, ideal structure of the hotel set up is an added advantage. b) Weaknesses à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" No scope for the parking facility of the vehicles in the surrounding area of the hotel industry. Increasing the rate of the labour turnover in the business with the improper workforce management activities. There is a serious increases in the budgeted expenditures of the hotel industry in due course of the increasing the labour turnover of the business. Reduction in the profitability of the business over the period of time is affecting on the performance level of the hot el industry. Increasing in the costs expenditures will commensurate to the revenue recognition from the day to day operational control of the business. c) Opportunities à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" There is a greater scope available for the hospitalisation in the area of Canary Wharf. As London is one of the international city in the world many visitors are used to come here for the visits , picnic, education,travel,living,jobs. So that there is a wide scope of the opportunities for the development of the business is available towards the international visitors. Performance level of the hospitality industry is at the optimum rank , further there is a wide scope of the development to increase the level of the performance of the business with the employment of the skilled, efficient labour in the day to day business operations. Level of the business management can be used as a basis of the chanelising the information management function in order to acquire the objectives of the business. d) Threats à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" As the London is an international city in the world, many spectators are used to come here from the different parts of the world. It is therefore there is a wide scope for the development of the Hospitality industry in this area. The scope of the Hospitalisation is quite more in this city of London. Due to which many hotel industries are used to operate in this city to entertain the globalise visitors, guests. It is leading to the emergence of the different hotel industries. Hotel Hilton Metropolitan, Hotel Syon Park, Hotel Chariot Mirror are some of the leading hotel industries in the city competing the Britannia International. SWOT analysis is pertaining to the focus on the internal and external business environment which shows an exact picture of the hotel industry in a strategic manner. In depth focus further can be made in the business activities through the applications of the tool of the Porters five forces à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Supplier Po wer à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" It is the creative idea of the different facilities offered by the Britannia hotel industry in the hospitalisation. They are having Bar , Restaurant, Kitchen services , lodging and boarding facilities , full well furnished air conditioned rooms which are attracting the visitors in the hotel. At one time more than 100 of people can have stay in the hotel in the well furnished rooms. There is an optimum level of the food facility available for the guests and visitors. Bar services are more timely and co-efficient. Operational strategic management has been done based on the implementing the ideal strategy of the hospitality management and its core area of the knowledge. The Hotel industry is having the strategic supply power which can attract the large number of customers in order to increase the capacity sales. Buyer Power à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" This is the power of the buyer intensity in which study of the buyer behaviour has been conducted. Buyer power is creat ed with the availability of the financial position of the buyer leading to increase in the level of consumption. Understanding of the buyer behaviour in the business is a strategic task of the assessing of the demand position in the current market. On the basis of which the supplier power can be built up in the day to day business operations. In every business intensity of the buyer capacity is playing a strategic role. As the Uk is in the recovery stage of the credit crunch situation in the market, it is leading to the increase in the level of the economy along with the employment opportunities in the business. With the help of that the earning potential capacity of the buyer is now upgrading leading to the increase in the level of consumption. Market Competition à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" There is a strategic competition in the market. As the London is an international city there is a major scope for the development of the Hospitality sector because people who are coming from the diffe rent parts of the world are need to have facility for their hospitalisation and care. In due course of which many hotel industries are used to operate in this city creating a challenging business environment for the hospitality industry. With the availability of the international Hotels such as Hilton Metropolitan, Syon Park, Mirror Chariot there is an ultimate reduction is felt in the business of the Britannia international. Threat of New Entrants à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" There is a serious threat of the new entrants who are coming in the market. As this city has a wider scope of the hospitalisation business in due course of the international visitors, the scope of the hotel industries has been increased in this area. For the entertaining of the guests, visitors there is a need of the new resraurants,hotels which ultimately had given rise to the commencing of the new hotel industry businesses , which can create a challenging threats for the Britannia International as the same quality food may be available at the more cheaper rates in the new hotels for the sake of the capturing of the market. Barriers to New Entrants There are the certain barriers are available in this country for the new hotel industries. Govt. Licensing is a challenging task which requires the many compliances of the documents and still no assurance of the sanctioning of the license. Another problem is of the capital funding as London is one of the costly city in the world , there are the many requisites are raised for the mobilisation of the capital and still there are the issues which are arising in the starting of the business. These are the serious challenging barriers to the new entrants. Findings It has been found on the basis of the strategic analysis that there are the different strategies and customs are applied in the business. The normative strategic planning of the business is based on the Porters generic scheme. a) Cost Leadership à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" There is a cost efficiency and effectiveness is maintained in the business which is leading to the maximisation of the profits. Quarterly budgets are prepared indicating the schedule of the expenditures and the actual performance is used to compare with that schedule in order to improve the strategic performance of the business. Executive cost control is maintained in the business as a strategic tool of the business. b) Focused à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" The ideal focus of the activities is based on the restaurant and lodging and boarding activities. In the restaurant the strategic activities which are focused are the kitchen services, Bar services, Operating services. In the lodging and boarding activities the ideal servic es are the well furnished rooms along with all the facilities of the toilets, bathrooms. c) Differentiation à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" With the continuing of the focused core area of activity of the business hotel industry is planning to develop the new activity of the Travelling and Tourism operations which will facilitate the additional source of income of the business as the supportive level of activity to grow the business in the Hospitality sector. Conclusion and Recommendation The Britannia international is one of the reputed hotel industry in London having its strategic significance all over the world. Wide scope of the business with the glance opportunity is available for the expansion and development for the hotel industries. The Britannia hotel is having the imperative strength of the good supplier power , ideal resource management scheme which will be commensurate for the strategic management policy of the business. Good location of the hotel industry , facilities available are of the restaurant, bar , kitchen services , lodging and boarding services which are giving the scope for the business expansion and development. However, as the London is an international city in the world many spectators are used to come here for the travels, visits, education there is a wide scope of the development of the hospitality sector in order to catch the wide area of the business development. This is giving scope for the development of the many hospitality industri es creating the market competition . Hotel Hilton, Hotel Syon Park, Hotel Passage to India are the hotels creating a challenging environment for the business. It is recommended to the hotel industry to give scope on the marketing communication techniques of the sales promotions and direct marketing in order to grow and expand the business. In the sales promotions focus can be on the giving of the different attractive discounting offers which can catch the customers. In the direct marketing hotel industry can use the strategic technique of the e-mail communications system to contact directly with the customers.

Clinical Practice Of The Emergency Department - 1152 Words

In clinical practice, there was a First Nations patient that disclosed his experience prior to his hospital admission where he encountered stigma and racism from strangers and health care employees. The patient describes how he was walking on a street, suddenly losing complete strength in both legs causing him to fall down. He was struggling with getting up as he could not regain his strength. There were strangers surrounding him; however, the patient articulated that while he was vulnerable and lacked the ability to mobilize, there was no one there to provide assistance or support. The strangers walked away with weird expressions portrayed on their face, although they witnessed his need for help. He remained on the ground for a while,†¦show more content†¦3). Numerous minority groups exist present-day in many countries throughout the world. The Aboriginals, a minority group, in Canada reluctantly experience societal racism and judgemental views since the past and currently in the present 20th century. The ramifications are loss of culture and history through the abolishment of First Nations’ culture, and numerous social injustice and inequality regarding healthcare experiences. For the purpose of this paper, the patient must remain unidentified for confidentiality purposes. The stereotyping and discrimination towards First Nations people and the relationship between marginalization, intersectionality, and oppression needs to be addressed to promote cultural sensitivity to ensure healthcare equality in this vulnerable population. Institutional racism can be interpreted as prejudiced judgements incorporated into culture and society as means to segregate minority groups (Forsythe, 2007, pp. 34). This is evident in health care systems across the world as a result of years of European colonization and assimilation of Aboriginal culture (Forsythe, 2007, pp.34). The effects of racism is enhanced by the concept of ‘othering’ where self awa reness of the differences between self and others influence ‘us’ to discriminate and degrade ‘them’ (Maccallum, 2002, pp.87-88). Humans tend to focus on dissimilarity in the diversity of ethnic groups in comparison

Impact of Marketing Strategy on Business-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Identification of Case Ethics Issues related to Environment. 2.Explore the Social Cultural and consumer behaviour elements of the context. 3.How would you respond? What international marketing response would you recommend to the CEO and why? Answers: 1.There are several issues and challenges in the outsourcing process of a business organization. OZ sports have chosen to outsource due to the increase in demand which cannot be met domestically. However, it had to face various environmental related issues. Consumers are becoming socially responsible and are accepting only those products and services which align with their environmental principles. Many times, organisations perform unethical practices and do not follow the ethical principles in their working. OZ sports should pay attention to the working conditions, safety of the products and safety of the workers when they are outsourcing their business operations. It is evident that although the companies pay attention to these regulations while operating in the domestic country they do not follow the regulatory practices of the outsourced country (Serkan, 2007). Global outsourcing may cause environmental pollution and many big companies which outsource their business negatively impact and degrade the environment. However, due to Environmental Protection Department, a check has been created on the outsourcing companies. It has been formed to look into the ethical matter related to environment and also companies who violate it are penalised heavily. In the case of OZ sports, it is evident that the company should consider the above issues before doing outsourcing. Another environmental ethics is related to the discharge of waste into water which includes metals and other inputs used in the production process (Chan, 2014). It is high time for the organisation to act as a socially responsible organization. At the time of outsourcing this is more evident as environment consideration and its ethics should be the first priority of OZ sports. It is also clear that nowadays people are getting more conscious towards consumerism and will not accept goods that violate the ethics. OZ sports products are made of kangaroo skin which is not correct ethically. Moreover, while outsourcing its production in Indonesia it should be kept in mind that the production process does not degrade the environment (Patra, 2014) Using animal skin or any other animal parts will not be considered as an ethical activity and will also affect the CSR activities of the company. It is advisable for the company to carry out CSR activities as it would help it to increase their sales and brand image. Educating people about protecting environment and about reusing and recycling products is a part of CSR activities (Mathivanan and Pazhanivelu, 2013). While involved in outsourcing, it is evident for OZ sports to look forward towards reducing the operating cost and should teach employees towards saving energy, water and should focus towards respecting the culture of the country in which they are operating. Issues associated with environmental ethics are related to culture and heritage. The environmentalist concern is to focus towards protecting animals because they are a part of the environment and its welfare is relevant. Rights and interest of animals should be taken into consideration while outsourcing (Khalid., Moorthy and Saad, 2012). However, there is certain devastating and fundamental problem associated with environmental ethics and those are individualistic in nature. There are different international protocols that deal with these issues. Kyoto Protocol is something which deals with the global issue of reducing green house gas effect. These are certain environmental ethics that should be followed by the organisation. 2.Social cultural values influence the consumer behaviour to a great extent and in this case, Chinese consumer market has been chosen because the population growth of the country is a mark towards increasing demands of the consumer. Before entering any international market it is important to study the consumer behaviour of the place and, in the context of China, it is important to study their buying pattern. In China people first, shortlist the product to be purchased then make the purchasing decision. It is important to get the name of OZ sports in that list and moreover Chinese people prefer to spend only 2.5% of their income on the branded products and they do not prefer to buy unfamiliar products easily. It has also been observed that preference for domestic brand has dropped drastically in the past years making it favourable for the foreign brand to establish them in foreign market. It is also important to understand the cultural level in marketing. There are four type of culture namely super culture, macro culture, Meso culture and micro level and purchasing decision is made on the basis of this cultural difference. In China, people take buying decision on a group basis. Duties and norms followed in the group influence their buying behaviour. Another aspect of Chinese culture is that they follow the consumer buying process before making purchases. They first try to recognise the need to purchase the product then search relevant information associated with the product, then they evaluate different alternatives and then makes purchases. However, with the changes in the technology and changing social norms China is getting more inclined towards Hi-tech products (Luo, 2009). China is also expanding rapidly in terms of market. They are welcoming new products and technology. However, differences in the Chinese culture and western culture are a hurdle for the international firm like OZ sports to market in China. A successful manager should first try to understand the cross cultural differences that could occur in marketing process. Chinese culture of Confucianism put forward the principles of the consciousness of an individual and its ability to take right decisions. It also throws light on collectivism and is a strict opposition to individualism (Boontanapibu, 2010). It is so because they refer collectivism as something which is important for the well being of the society. Their buying behaviour is focused more on the principle of guanxi which means to have a good connection and do something for each other (Khairullah and Khairullah, 2013). In the present global economy, the lifestyle and income of Chinese people is increasing which has increased the local demand for expensive product. OZ sports products have competitive advantage because of the product made of kangaroo skin which also makes it expensive. It is another reason which has encouraged the company to focus on Chinese market. They focus on quality and making purchases through e-marketing; therefore, OZ sports should focus on marketing through e-commerce portal. It has already been said that China is getting technology savvy which has created a large market base for the company to sell its products (Yuan and Kuamh, 2013). 3.As an international marketing manager, it is essential to first understand the buying pattern of the consumers. In China, people prefer to buy product through e-commerce portal; therefore, marketers should launch their product through online portal. Moreover, it is also important to understand the cultural norms of the country and as Chinese prefer collectivism; marketers should focus on this aspect while marketing their product. (Ahmed.,Ullah and Alam, 2014) It is important to focus on certain strategies before entering international market which is developing product strategy. Quality, price and features of the product is something which is valued by the consumers. Next is promotion strategy (Adewale., Adesola and Oyewale, 2013). In China, the traditional way of entering the market is through television followed by sponsorship and advertisement. It is also advisable to involve local advisor who is familiar with the market condition of the country. Furthermore, Chinese government is not too open towards foreign investment; therefore, it is important to understand the government regulations, policies and understand its implications. Sports products are mainly used by the young people; therefore, it becomes important for the manager to understand the young Chinese consumers, their perception, and demand. For this, it is important to conduct survey regarding their mind-set and mannerism and their attitude towards viral marketing. The survey could be conducted with the help of structural model testing as it will help the marketer to know about the norms of viral marketing attitude (Yang, 2013). Along with this, it is also important to take environmental ethics into consideration. Destroying the natural resources and harming the environment is a punishable offense; therefore; it is evident for the marketers to see that their product do not degrade the environment. Rules and regulations for an international firm are strict in China; therefore, consideration of environmental ethics is important (Palich., Neubert And Mckinney, 2016) For Western countries, it is a challenging task to conduct business in China successfully. The problem is related to the culture as China is a socialist economy and Australia is a capitalist economy. The market should understand the socialist pattern of the country and should focus on distribution of these products which promote socialism (Clair and Norris, n.d) It is advisable for the OZ sports to conduct dynamic cluster analysis to get an idea about the attribute of the product and the firm. It also gives an insight into the international strategy and performance of firm. A positive relation between the elements will give a positive outlook to the marketer for conducting its business in China. One of the positive aspects of Chinese market is that the existing companies are very familiar with the international firm and the market should focus on developing and nurturing their relationship with the Chinese companies. In the recent past, the government has developed open door policy which encourages foreign investment and it is essential for the market to understand these policies and procedure as it would help them with their product establishment (Huo and Hung, 2015). References Adewale,G., Adesola M.A, Oyewale I.O.2013. Impact of Marketing Strategy on Business Performance A Study of Selected Small and Medium Enterprises (Smes) In Oluyole Local Government, Ibadan, Nigeria. Journal of Business and Management 11(4),pp. 59-66 Ahmed,M., Ullah, S and Alam, A.2014. mportance of Culture in Success of International Marketing. European Academic Research 1(10), pp. 3802- 3816 Boontanapibu, C. 2010. Doing Business in China: Cultural Factors, Start-up Concerns, and Professional Development. knowledge center executive journal, pp.170-182 Chan, Lok Yiu. 2014. Corporate Social Responsibility of Multinational Corporations". Global Honors program, pp. 1-31 Clair,N.C and Norris,J.T.Business ethics and Social Reosnibilityin contemporary china. Journal of Academic and Business Ethics, pp. 1-9 Huo,D and Hung,K. Internationalization strategy and Firm Performance: estimation of Corportae Strategy effect Based on big data of Chinese It companies in a complex network. Romanian Journal of Economic Forecasting, XVIII (2) p'p. 1- 16 Khairullah, D.H.Z and Khairullah, Z.Y. Cultural Values and Decision Making in China. International Journal of Business, Humanities and Technology 3 (2), pp.1-12 Khalid,K.A.T., Moorthy,R.,Saad,S.2012. American Journal of Environmental Science, 8 (6), 591-596 Luo,Y.2009. Analysis of Culture and Buyer Behavior in Chinese Market. Candian Centre of science and Education 1 (1), pp. 25-30 Mathivanan, K And G. Pazhanivelu. 2013. A Study On Environmental Ethics And Participation In Environmental Activities Among Higher Secondary Students. International Journal Of Scientific And Research 3( 6), pp. 1-4 Palich, L.E., Neubert, M.J and Mckinney,J.A. 2016. Ethical Attitudes of Business Professionals in China and the United States: Same or Different? The Journal of Business Inquiry (15), pp. 1-30 Patra, R. 2014. Environmental Sustainability: Ethical Issues. 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Liquefied Natural Gas

Hydrocarbons have come to be the most common type of fuels, used in machines throughout the past century. Most machines have been designed to use the most efficient, and easy to get fuels available. On the same note, these hydrocarbons are also useful in domestic uses which include cooking. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Liquefied Natural Gas specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hydrocarbons have been the most preferred source of fuel, because of their availability, minimal effects to the environment and safety associated with using them. Nowadays, liquefied natural gas (LNG) is preferred because of its chemical and physical properties, to other hydrocarbon fuels. Chemical and Physical Properties Liquefied natural gas is generally a colorless and odorless gas, which is changed into liquid form for easy transportation and use. However, in order to detect gas leaks, an odor substance is added at some point, when liquefying the gas. This ensures that any leakage can be detected easily through smelling (Tusian and Gordon 87). In addition, liquefied natural gas is not corrosive, is non-flammable as well as non-toxic. It is important to note that, this type of fuel is a fossil fuel and is composed of hydrogen and carbon compounds; hence it is categorized as a hydrogen carbon fuel. Natural gas is a mixture of various compounds majorly propane, ethane, methane and butane. Additionally, this type of fuel also contains some impurities and other heavier hydrocarbons including: carbon dioxide, hydrogen and sulphur compounds (Hazlehurst 451). The boiling point of liquefied natural gas is usually -162oC, though this depends on the compounds present in the mixture. When burned in sufficient air, liquefied natural gas produces carbon dioxide and water vapor. This is one quality that makes it non-toxic. On the contrary, if air supply is limited the gas can produce carbon monoxide gas which is toxic . The density of LNG also varies with its components, but is usually between 430kg/m3 and 470kg/m3. Its specific density is approximately 0.6 and is thus lighter than air. Liquefied natural gas has a very high ignition temperature, which is around 540oC thus making it non-flammable, contrary to natural gas which is flammable (Tusian and Gordon 88). Storage and Mode of Transport In its liquid form, LNG occupies a very small volume compared to the gaseous status, which makes it economical and cost effective to store it in a liquid state. Additionally, liquefied natural gas cannot burn without air, making it impossible for combustion to take place in the cylinder (Hazlehurst 37). Advertising Looking for research paper on chemistry? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, LNG is commonly transported by way of intermodal tanks. It is important to note that, LNG is safe to use because besides the odor which ensures that any leaka ge is detected, it is not poisonous and does not produce poisonous products, during combustion. Hazard scenario Ifliquefied natural gas carried in a ship spills, it leads to a state known as localized overpressure. This is due to the fact that, its boiling point is far much lower than earthly temperatures, and this causes a physical explosion when the liquid turns spontaneously into a gaseous state. This can be catastrophic at times, because the pressure rating of the cargo is low. Uses Liquefied natural gas has been put into use, both domestically and commercially. Domestically, LNG is used for cooking as well as lighting while in industries, it is used as a source of heat for various processes (Hazlehurst 469). Works Cited Hazlehurst, John. Tolley’s Basic Science and Practice of Gas Service. London: Routledge, 2012. Print. Tusian, Michael, and Gordon Shearer. Lng: A Nontechnical Guide. Tulsa: Penn Well Books, 2007. Print. This research paper on Liquefied Natural Gas was written and submitted by user HighEvolutionary to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.